Importance of Staff Manpower Planning-Free-Samples for Student

Question: Talk about different Employee issues which are looked by an inn concerning keeping up the staff in the Rooms Division. Answer: Presentation The human asset division containing the staff of the association and other applicable administrators involves the foundation of the association. This is exact on account of an accommodation industry like an inn where the clients should be happy with staff contact straightforwardly. This is the motivation behind why labor arranging of the staff shapes a basic part of the association (Cascio, 2018). On the off chance that the association takes part in a proficient labor arranging, at that point it will have the option to serve the clients viably and productively, in any case, simply arranging isn't that basic and all the time the associations neglect to inspire the staff to work effectively towards the finish of the objectives and targets (Mok, Sparks Kadampully, 2013). The given report focuses on an expressive investigation containing an audit of writing which will feature the different parts of why a lodging faces the issue of staffing in its different divisions. Significance of Staff labor arranging Staff labor arranging is viewed as significant on the grounds that: It is a basic piece of the administrative capacities The essential elements of the executives which contain arranging, sorting out, staffing and controlling depend on labor. Without productive labor arranging, these elements would stay fragmented. Aides in effective use of assets An appropriate labor arranging likewise goes far in using the assets effectively. An association is a force to be reckoned with of different assets which will go squander in if the staff is absent to deal with the assets successfully. Huge scope inns and associations require legitimate arranging so as to set out a way that permits productive arranging Inspiration The staffing arranging and program not just encourages the association to draw in the perfect individual for the correct activity yet in addition takes part in extravagance of different persuasive projects. These persuasive projects contain different motivations, reward and different projects which help to improve the elements inside an association (Bratton Gold, 2017). Keep up better connections An association ought to consistently work in a concordance. It is critical for an association to keep up clear correspondence with staff so as to guarantee that there exists no hierarchical hole (Riley, 2014). On the off chance that such a situation is conceivable, at exactly that point the association can complete tasks without any problem. Staffing helps in improving the connection between the different representatives which at that point goes far in long haul objective accomplishment. Higher profitability Ultimately, if legitimate staffing is done, the workers will have the option to take part in high creation and productive consumer loyalty which is significant for any firm (Alfes et al., 2013). Survey of Literature The given survey of writing will audit different writers and their point of view on the given territories: Worker ability as an issue in Rooms Division The rooms division in a lodging contains three significant regions which involves the front office, formally dressed administrations and housekeeping. Out of these lone the front office is the essential income maker of the lodging. Different zones comprise of staffing related issues. These divisions contain a Guest Service Agent, clerk, Night Audit specialist, Housekeeping office and the formally dressed administrations like the doorpersons, valet and others. As indicated by Alfes et al. (2013), this activity in the rooms division of any lodging is one of the most monotonous errands which include consistent client contact and satisfaction of their requests. This especially includes prepared staff which can manage the clients and satisfy their desires (Marco-Lajara beda-Garca, 2013). The clients who visit the lodgings are frequently requesting and impolite. At whatever point they place an interest upon the housekeeping staff or the formally dressed administrations besides, they need it to be satisfied inside an hour or somewhere in the vicinity. This is consistently impractical, thus they disparage the staff and this is the explanation, the rooms division staff is regularly supplanted with new staff. Renwick, Redman and Maguire (2013), states that there exists an ability issue at this division on the grounds that the staff needs to have satisfactory aptitudes to get together with the shifting needs of the inn business, and they don't have the necessary ability. This is on the grounds that, the ay at this degree of the inn is very low and profoundly skilled staff can't be utilized in light of cost limitations. Because of these components out of sight, worker ability has become an issue in the Rooms division as the individuals who are eager to work at a low compensation, need satisfactory aptitudes and the individuals who have these abilities, would prefer not to work at the given compensation rate. As per Purce (2014), the turnover rate in the Rooms division is around 13% which is similarly low. Inspirations driving representatives needing to work in front office and housekeeping Albeit working in the Rooms branch of an inn is a monotonous assignment, there are sure representatives who might want to work in the front office and housekeeping office. The inspirations for working in front office are as per the following: Prevalence Marchington et al., (2017), states that the representatives occupied with the front office division of the inn frequently feel a feeling of notional predominance among laborers of other staff like food and refreshment, housekeeping and others. Subsequently, these laborers consider their activity as white-apprehended and get propelled thinking the equivalent. Less manual work-Working in the housekeeping office has less manual work and greater administration errands. Subsequently, when representatives understand that they don't need to buckle down genuinely when contrasted with different offices in the lodging, they will in general get persuaded. Authority-Working in the front office as an obligation administrator gives a worker a serious extent of power. No assignment in an inn can be finished without conference with the administrator. As indicated by Jackson, Schuler and Jiang (2014), when the representatives are given an awareness of other's expectations and authority, they regularly will in general be roused to work more diligently for the objective accomplishment. Vocation development It is commonly seen that working in the front office division is crafted by a chief and that this office includes high potential for development in the profession of the worker. Thus numerous representatives incline toward working in the given office. Less working hours-There are different movements in which the representatives can work in a front office work and because of this explanation, the workers regularly feel spurred to work in adaptable hours. For housekeeping the inspiration can be: High tips-The housekeeping staff is available to serve the clients. Thus, they frequently get tremendous tips for the administration they give Marler and Fisher (2013), states this regularly fills in as a high wellspring of inspiration for the laborers to draw in themselves in this jib. Meeting new individuals The housekeeping staff frequently interact with workers from varying backgrounds, in this manner they like to pick up understanding of interacting with various types of individuals. Moreover Budhwar and Debrah (2013), states that this activity doesn't require a particular instructive capability and thus, numerous individuals like to work in the given division. Difficulties of work front office and housekeeping Working in the front office and the housekeeping division isn't a simple errand. Many see it as an extremely troublesome activity which has positively no development prospect. The difficulties of working in a front house and housekeeping have been given as follows: Helpless administration is viewed as one of the most predominant difficulties of the work in the front office and the housekeeping division. The chiefs are extremely rigid and will in general reprimand the representatives for everything without exception that turns out badly. Therefore, the representatives frequently favor not working in the given office. Less advancement risks The work at the room divisions office is static. The work has practically zero odds of worker advancement. Any worker might want a development in their profession and for that reason; the Rooms division office slacks what at that point prompts a test. Undesirable public activity The timings in the Rooms division office is differing. As indicated by Baum (2016), the absence of work life balance fills in as an immense test for the different representatives working in the Rooms Division office. This is on the grounds that the working hours is long in this given division and prompts an undesirable way of life. Helpless correspondence direct The correspondence divert in the Rooms division of the lodging is frail. The supervisors don't want to impart the basics of the hierarchical dreams to the representatives which causes them to feel as though they can't relate themselves to the objectives of the association. Absence of professional stability There is no employer stability in the activity of a Rooms Division. It comprises of principally manual employments like housekeeping, cleaning, clothing and others. These occupations are monotonous and require unique aptitudes, which isn't workable for everybody to have. In this manner, for this reason, the inns frequently sack the representatives. This gives an absence of professional stability to the representatives which fill in as a tremendous test. Best practices received by lodgings to hold and pull in Rooms Division staff Motivators According to Hoque (2013), impetuses will in general fill in as an immense wellspring of inspiration to the workers and can be viewed as the accepted procedures which can be received by an association. On the off chance that the laborers who have been performing admirably, be given sure execution impetuses, it will offer ascent to a decent refined condition which will be useful for the inn. Work in shifts-The representatives ought to be given an agreeable work move hours. This will prompt better efficiency as the less n

Plasma Television And LCD Television Essay Example for Free

Plasma Television And LCD Television Essay Presentation TV innovation has kept on developing to be what it is today since the late 1930s when it was first industrially accessible. Today the TV has become an exceptionally fundamental family unit ware in establishments and homes as wellspring of amusement and news. The T.V. today has developed from the Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) to such cutting edge innovation like the Plasma and LCD TVs that have overwhelmed the world. Be that as it may, what’s the contrast between these two most recent models? Ostensibly the models are practically indistinguishable, they are slim and level. In any case, they vary in the innovation behind them however they convey practically comparable outcomes. (Robert Silva) The innovation behind the Plasma TV depends on the bright light sheep and the showcase comprises of cells. A tight hole isolates the two glass boards inside every phone, where neon-xenon gas is infused and fixed in plasma structure during the time spent assembling. The LCD TV on the hand utilizes an alternate innovation of assembling. LCD boards that are made of two layers of straightforward material are â€Å"polarized† and bound together. (Robert Silva)  A extraordinary polymer is covered in one of the layers that hold the different fluid gems. To make a picture, current is gone through every individual precious stone, these permits the gems to pass or square light shaping a picture. Since the gems naturally don't deliver their own light, outside lights like a bright light bulb are required to enlighten the made pictures for perceivability. (Robert Silva) LCD TV is more costly than the Plasma TV, anyway most shoppers or clients are never keen on the details in this manner don't comprehend the distinction, all they search for is a snazzy set to suit their homes. (Robert Silva) REFERENCE Robert Silva: What are the Differences Between a LCD TV and a Plasma TV? Recovered on seventeenth March 2008, from http://hometheater.about.com/od/lcdtvfaqs/f/lcdfaq2.htm

The Salesperson Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The Salesperson - Essay Example The prompt will normally, yet not constrained to, be identified with the condition encompassing the item and administrations that the sales rep is offering (Bathrooms+Kitchens magazine, 2003). A sales rep is additionally expected to have understanding with the client and acknowledge what they are attempting to achieve. Lastly, the most significant errand of a sales rep is to 'do what needs to be done' or make a deal by utilizing the best method of 'arranging', as an ever increasing number of clients are requesting for limits and appealing 'deals', requests like these are regularly 'fuelled' by the patterns in the promoting business, for example, 'purchase eating table now and pay later' with further 0% loan cost offer. Moreover, the salesman is required to be affable by his planned clients. 'Individuals purchase individuals first' is an old idea yet remains constant in present day times. For sales reps to be effective, they ought to be congenial and can promptly disclose to the client with respect to instruct and most particularly the data regarding the item or administrations being offered (Bathrooms+Kitchens magazine, 2003). Be that as it may, the job of a sales rep has been changing drastically over couple of years and will additionally keep on changing as affected by the upheaval in the business segment, for example, globalization (Appleton partners, n.d.). The quantity of salesman required in the present serious world is likewise fundamentally diminished and proceed with down pattern. In earlier years, there were more than 1 million salesmen in the United Kingdom, yet now there are just an expected 500,000 sales reps. This is practically half decrease in the selling calling. Current innovation have a lot to do with this pattern. Item strategies, transportation and notices have all impacted the decrease in the required sales reps particularly in the quick moving items. In any case, because of expanded rivalry and mindfulness, the genuinely necessary demonstrable skill of salesmen are much increasingly required so as to remain serious (CIM investigator, 2000). 'The times of the independent sales rep wandering around his region searching for the following deal are gone-the selling job is presently more mind boggling than cold pitching' (Bulletpoint, n.d.). Without a doubt, the most significant factor in changing the job of a sales rep in this day and age is the changing mentalities and needs of the clients just as the improvement of broad communications and the web. Most clients of today are progressively educated, through TV and different broad communications, about the products and ventures that a salesman may offer. Truth be told, a few clients are significantly increasingly mindful of the data of the contender's items or administrations than the sales rep himself. This circumstance could prompt shame with respect to the sales rep. Clients are putting a lot of accentuation on how the item is obtained as opposed to the nature of the item itself. Clients these days are less influenced by the sales rep's 'ability or conduct, and the utiliza tion of 'conventional methods of selling has minimal adverse or no impact at all on client's choice to buy the products or administrations being offered by the sales rep (Bulletpoint, n.d.). Today, being sufficient is not, at this point is required for sales reps to prevail with regards to getting deals. Salesmen must be

Industrial Revolution Marks The Transition - Free Essay Example

Industrial revolution marks the transition where people moved from manual agriculture and production of various commodities into the use of machineries. This era resulted in enormous changes in all phases of life, that is social, economic and political, resulting in new ideologies that shaped history. These ideologies include liberalism, conservatism, and socialism which also formed a basis on the laws to be followed by people in a country and government involvement in development. In my position, the industrial revolution took the liberalism ideology which created enormous changes despite resistant from the conservatism who insisted on the status quo. Liberalism in the industrial sector also influenced economics and politics which resulted in various policies that for example led to the widening of the gap between the poor and the rich that is capitalism. This paper offers a comprehensive discussion of liberalism during the industrial revolution in Europe during the eighteenth century, using evidence to back up my arguments in this position. I sided with liberalism based on the fact that it was the major ideology at that time due to the increase in capitalism that resulted in a great gap between the poor and the rich. This ideology drew on the psychological understanding that individual liberty, the theories of natural law and utilitarianism greatly influenced progress (Hatt Ross, 1999). Individual liberty allowed people to choose their own ways of doing things despite how bad they were, in order to achieve their goals. This type of liberalism focused on total economic and civil liberty which granted people the right to sell goods, services, and labor to whoever they wanted with no restriction from the government. Liberalism which required the government to leave industrialists alone and focus on other issues such as the development of infrastructure received a lot of attention at the time of industrial revolution. The government was also required to maintain law and order and involve in controlling international factors that would have interfered with the business of industrialists. Liberalism was both political and economic which made it popular and in countries such as the Europe where it was adopted it resulted in numerous positive and negative impacts. The type of liberalism that existed during the industrial revolution was known as classical liberalism where industrialist and other rich members of the society had the upper hand in almost everything (Hatt Ross, 1999). This allowed them to accumulate a lot of wealth at the cost of the ordinary people hence increasing the gap between the rich and the poor. Increase in the cost of living was as a result of liberalism where industrialists and business people set the prices of important commodities at their own prices without consideration of key factors such as wages of the poor. Due to less government interference, these industrialists and business people paid their employees low wages which would not allow them to grow but end up spending all their savings. Many employees were not able to acquire even proper housing which resulted in the rise of slums. Low government interference also led to the abuse of workers in these industries by being forced to work for long hours under poor working conditions (Hatt Ross, 1999). The industries did not employ proper waste management programs and processes hence caused pollution in cities and other populated areas. This pollution is said to have caused numerous health issues and the depth of plants and animals living in areas around these industries. As for the rest, the filth, bris, and offal heaps, and the pools in the streets are common to both quarters, and in the district now under discussion, another feature most injurious to the cleanliness of the inhabitants, is the multitude of pigs walking about in all the alleys, rooting into the offal heaps, or kept imprisoned in small pens (Engels 1844). The government also did not come up with rules and regulations which would prohibit child labor in these industries. Moreover, due to the harsh economic times, many children were forced to work so as to help their parents in raising money for meeting various needs. Employees in these industries often ended up being fired unfairly especially after suffering injuries at work. Liberalism during the industrial revolution also aimed at industrial efficiency, where workers were just viewed as components of production. At this time, accumulating wealth was more important than equality. Though good working conditions and decent wages would motivate employees, they were viewed asa barrier to efficiency and factors that would decrease the companys profits (Hatt Ross, 1999). The development of machines which would substitute employees became a nightmare and resulted in high rates of unemployment which ended up increasing crime in the society. For example, in the textile industry, skilled textile artisans were replaced by machines which were operated by cheap unskilled people. Now, if by using a machine, we can get our coat with less labour than we got it before, the machine is a desirable thing (Cobbet 1830). Many factories and companies adopted machines and such developments helped the company save on labor and were adopted without any consideration of their impact in the society. Such actions resulted in violent demonstrations which contributed to loss of lives. Classical liberalism during the industrial revolution ushered in modern liberalism which is practiced today after numerous demonstration and push from activists for the government to intervene and exercise regulation. The period that marked this transition was also marked by the rise of the need for equality between men and women and the protection of human rights. Feminism allowed women to fight for a social, political and economic quality and gave rise to women leaders who helped secure the place of women in the society in the modern day (Hatt Ross, 1999). The need to establish and protect human rights allowed the government to ensure that industrialists and other business people did not violate their freedoms or abuse their employees. Classical liberalism had to evolve due to the negative impacts it brought into the society. Modern liberalism ushered in collectivism where people had to be treated according to their rights and freedoms. A Universal Declaration of Human rights was established that included the right to take part in government, the right to be treated equally by the law in the land, the freedom of thought and worship and the right to own property. Liberalism was seen as the best choice since it would lead to the development and transformation of the country while compared to others abroad. Countries which adopted socialism or the impact of conservatism immense found themselves adopting liberalism due to the growth and development it brought in the society. Negative impacts of liberalism that were felt in countries like the Europe ushered in modern liberalism which aimed at ensuring equality thus promoting equal and standard development.

Lev Vygostky´s Sociocultual Theory and Deanna Kahn´s...

A present time, there are many developmental theories, which cover cognitive, socio-emotional, and physical. Among those theorists, for the purpose of this post, I will be considering two of them. First, I will be reviewing the Russian psychologist Lev Vygostsky and his sociocultural theory. Next, I will be looking at Deanna Kuhn and the Metacognitive development theory. One of the psychologists who made a significant contribution and stimulated a lot of studies in addressing the cultural impact in human development was Vygostsky. He introduced the sociocultural theory, which focused on culture transmission from one generation to another. He also theorized with social interaction, children to acquire the way of thinking and behaving†¦show more content†¦The definition of metacognition has been broadened to thoughts about thoughts and affective states, motives, intentions and the ability to consciously and deliberately monitor and regulate one’s knowledge, processes, cognitive and affective states, motives and intentions (Papaleontiou-Louca, 2008). Kuhn believes that metacognition is a high level construct, which can be conceptualized in a developmental framework. Additionally during development young children, they develop capabilities of metaknowing that many adult do not master. Therefore in early age metacognitive achievements serve as foundations of higher order thinking in adulthood, which include scientific thinking (Kuhn, 2000). She believes that knowing have to have a purpose or a goal because the simple fact of knowing what you know does not have much impact on your knowledge unless that knowledge serves a purpose. So in this developmental framework, she suggested that there are two terms: metastrategic knowing which refers to metaknowing about procedural knowing. Metastrategic knowing can be then divided into metatask knowledge about task goals and metastrategic knowledge referring to strategies a person has available to meets the goals (Kuhn, 2000). Metastrategic and metacognitive are important because they provide an explanation to as to why cognitive development occurs or fails to occur. Additionally the metacognition development has laid foundations for contemporary theories of learning

Comparing Edna of Kate Chopins The Awakening and Nora of...

Comparing Edna of Kate Chopins The Awakening and Nora of Henrik Ibsens A Dolls House Kate Chopins work, The Awakening, and Henrik Ibsens play, A Dolls House, were written at a time when men dominated women in every aspect of life. Edna Pontellier, the protagonist in The Awakening, and Nora, the protagonist in A Dolls House, are trapped in a world dominated by men. The assumed superiority of their husbands traps them in their households. Edna and Nora share many similarities, yet differ from each other in many ways. Two main similarities of Edna and Nora are that they both have an awakening and are like caged birds without freedom; one main difference is that Edna lives in reality and Nora lives in a fantasy†¦show more content†¦When the saying is translated into English it means, Get out! Get out! Damn in!; the caged bird sends the message that Edna needs to get out of her marriage to make everything right in her life. Like Edna, Nora is reflected as a trapped bird. Nora, in A Dolls House, is constantly referred to as a bird by her husband, Helmer. As in the quote, And I couldnt wish you anything but just what you are, my sweet little lark (Ibsen 972). Helmer show his ownership of Nora and how she is his little bird. Unlike the image of a caged parrot, Nora is a bird trapped by the dominance of her husband. A second similarity is that Edna and Nora each had an awakening about her own marriage. Ednas awakening took place early in the novel, while Noras awakening occurred at the end of the play. The realization that she was not happy taking care of her husband, house or children began Ednas awakening. Represented by the quote, An indescribable oppression, which seemed to generate in some unfamiliar part of her consciousness, filled her whole being with a vague anguish (Chopin 14). Edna feels the entrapment of her marriage that has been present subconsciously, and it fills her mind and soul with pain and hurt. At the end of A Dolls House, Nora announces to her husband the need to leave the marriage due to the oppression caused by his power over her. Nora feels as though their marriage has never been a true marriage, and that Helmer and herself never truly knew

Information Security for ATM Machines †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Information Security for ATM Machines. Answer: Automated teller machine: ATM or the automated Teller machines are designed in a way that the customer will need a personal identification number or PIN and a dedicated card to access their bank account using the ATM machine. For any ATM card the most important is the PIN number to secure the account. For every user the PIN number is different and encrypted and to secure the PIN number the customer needs to take care of some important factors: To keep the account and the money secure confidentiality is the major factor that the customer needs to take care of. The user must not leak the ATM PIN to anyone to secure the money. The user must not write the PIN on the back of the card or anywhere. User must stay away from the spam calls that asks for the customers account number because the bank personal does not ask the PIN of the customer (Bachu, 2017). Data integrity is a way of securing the data from the unauthorized people, so the data cannot be modified or changed in any circumstances. The customer always expects that no accidental changes reflect on the record of the transaction. The integrity must be secured because the transaction is performed directly using the customer account. If the integrity is not maintained, then it can affect the customer account. A proper trusted platform module is used to maintain the integrity of the ATM machines. The ATM machines should available all the time for the customers all time. The ATM must be maintained properly to serve the customer whenever needed. Use of more ATM will increase the growth of the bank economically. All the ATMs must be at operational condition and in serviceable condition most of the times. More the self-banking increase more the customer base of the bank will be increased. PIN Combinations: As mentioned in the scenario that the thief already blocked 5 keys out of the 10 keys on the number pad, if the user PIN is from the rest of the intact 5 keys which are not damaged then there will be lots of permutations and combinations if the thief wants to debit money from the account. the calculation is (5!)/ (5! -4!) = (5*4*3*2*1)/ 1 = 120 The thief needs to try 120 different combination to get the correct pin to withdraw money from the ATM. Biometric Sensors: Biometric sensors are the modern-day innovation and widely used for providing security to the people. Bio metric technology use human body detection technology for the authentication. Several types of bio metric sensors are introduced in the recent years like iris scanner, fingerprint scanner, voice recognition or heart beat detectors (Eberz et al., 2017). These mentioned sensors are the most secure as for every human the properties are different and unique, so the chances of duplicate data are so less even we can say there will be no duplicate data. As the duplicate data is not there so persons security will be at the optimum level (Oko Oruh, 2012). Though there are lots of advantages of using biometric technology many people still reluctant to use biometric technology. Many people think that the information is leaked from the biometric and many people thinks that the government are keeping their personal data. In the banks customers are not in favour of using the finger print sens ors as the ATM card is used by a people who is closer of the person and if the biometric is there then no one except the customer can use the card therefore people are still refusing this technology in many cases. The fear of the false negative result is another reason why the people are reluctant of using the bio metric sensors. False negative is when the machine cannot recognise the authenticated user and rejects them. The false negative works in different way it can se seen as a good thing as the trust in the technology in increases the trust on the users or the users feels irritated by the system failure. Problems of using Bio metric: False negative and false positive are the main major problem regarding the biometric sensors that the people needs to keep in their mind. When the biometric sensor accepts the wrong input as right then the condition is called false positive condition. When the biometric sensor rejects the correct input as false then the condition is called as false negative condition. Many peoples data got lost due to the false positive condition. In some cases, hackers try to bypass the fingerprint sensor if then false positive condition happen then the user will be on huge trouble as all the personal information will be on stake (Ketab, Clarke Dowland, 2016). The false positive can happen due to some technical fault or for some other issues. If the sensitivity of the biometric sensor increased, then these kinds of unwanted condition can be avoided. The people must register themselves to the biometric after reading all the instructions carefully. When the biometric scanner throw-outs the right material stating as incorrect called the false negative circumstance. This is more perilous than the incorrect positive condition. In case of a emergency if this error happens then the authorised person to whom the bio metric was assigned fails to detect the user. When this happen in a case of some serious situation then there is scope for the user to unlock the system. In case of any emergency this can cause major troubles to the organisation and hence the organisation faces many losses. This problem is a very common problem in the modern day smart phones which has a inbuit finger print sensor which is a form of the biometric sensor. Many a times it is seen that the biometric sensors rejects the data of the authenticated user, this can cause serious problems at the times of any emergency. Supposing in a situation someone needs to call an ambulance then the in a case of the emergency but the bio metric sensors in the phone are not worki ng and taking false negative input. These problems are caused due to various problems like the echinococcal issue , sensing power of the sensors, minor software bugs , sometimes the fault is not only of the technology but the user does not read the full instructions before registering themselves to the biometric a result the input was not recorded properly and resulted these cases (Katz Lindell,2014). These problems can easily be eradicated by updating the technology of the bio metric scanners, introducing of new technologies had already removed this problem a lot. Other than this while registering the user must properly read the instructions and do the same. Caeser Cipher: Inverse order is one of the relaxed and most humble technique for decoding a cipher text. Encoded message is inverted in this method to get the actual text. So if the encoded message is elpmaxenasisiht becomes this is an example. this system uses the most to decipher a cipher text. Though there are more safe techniques are there than this (Martinovic et al ., 2016). For the given cipher text to decipher, the steps are given below: First note down the alphabet number. Subtract the number of alphabet from the shift key in sequence, that is for number 1 letter 2, for the number 2 letter 3 and the number 3 letter 4 and continuing (Okokpujie et al., 2016). 3rd is to subtract the general digit which is used for any cypher key that is 3 from the previous solution. The final step is locating the alphabet from the solution number. Text N T J W K H X K numeric value 14 20 10 23 11 8 24 11 Key 2 3 4 2 3 4 2 3 substitution cipher 12 17 6 21 8 4 22 8 cipher shift 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 cipher 9 14 3 18 5 1 19 5 Text I N C R E A S E Text A M K value 1 13 11 Key 4 2 3 cipher 23 11 8 cipher 3 3 3 cipher 20 8 5 Text T H E Text W W U J J Y Z T X value 23 23 21 10 10 25 26 20 24 Key 4 2 3 4 2 3 4 2 3 cipher 19 21 21 6 8 22 22 18 21 cipher 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 cipher 16 18 18 3 5 19 19 15 18 Text P R R C E S S O R Text M W K X Z K U H E value 13 23 11 24 26 11 21 8 5 Key 4 2 3 4 2 3 4 2 3 cipher 9 21 8 20 24 8 17 6 2 cipher 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 cipher 6 18 5 17 21 5 14 3 Text F R E Q U E N C Y Therefore, the decrypted basic text for the cypher NTJWKHXK AMK WWUJYZTX MWK XZKUHE is Increase the processor frequency. References Bachu, S. (2017). Three-step authentication for ATMs. Eberz, S., Rasmussen, K. B., Lenders, V., Martinovic, I. (2017, April). Evaluating behavioral biometrics for continuous authentication: Challenges and metrics. In Proceedings of the 2017 ACM on Asia Conference on Computer and Communications Security (pp. 386-399). ACM. Katz, J., Lindell, Y. (2014). Introduction to modern cryptography. CRC press. Ketab, S. S., Clarke, N. L., Dowland, P. S. (2016). The Value of the Biometrics in Invigilated E-Assessments. Konheim, A. G. (2016). Automated teller machines: their history and authentication protocols. Journal of Cryptographic Engineering, 6(1), 1-29. Martinovic, I., Rasmussen, K., Roeschlin, M., Tsudik, G. (2017). Authentication using pulse-response biometrics. Communications of the ACM, 60(2), 108-115. Oko, S., Oruh, J. (2012). Enhanced ATM security system using biometrics.International Journal of Computer Science Issues,9(5), 355-363. Okokpujie, K., Olajide, F., John, S., Kennedy, C. G. (2016, January). Implementation of the enhanced fingerprint authentication in the ATM system using ATmega128. InProceedings of the International Conference on Security and Management (SAM)(p. 258). The Steering Committee of The World Congress in Computer Science, Computer Engineering and Applied Computing (WorldComp). Pandey, R. M., Verma, V. K. (2015). Data Security using Various Cryptography Techniques: A recent Survey. Sharma, A., Misra, P. K., Misra, P. (2014). A Security Measure for Electronic Business Applications. International Journal of Computer Applications,